Those whose hearts forbid them to make a war - Quran Chapter 4-89b & 90a (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-580) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 89b & 90a (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-580) - درس قرآن

Those whose hearts forbid them to make a war

Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’  (Women) – Chapter – 4) 

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

 وَدُّوا۟ لَوْ تَكْفُرُونَ كَمَا كَفَرُوا۟ فَتَكُونُونَ سَوَآءً فَلَا تَتَّخِذُوا۟ مِنْهُمْ أَوْلِيَآءَ حَتَّىٰ يُهَاجِرُوا۟ فِى سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ فَإِن تَوَلَّوْا۟ فَخُذُوهُمْ وَٱقْتُلُوهُمْحَيْثُ وَجَدتُّمُوهُمْ وَلَا تَتَّخِذُوا۟ مِنْهُمْ وَلِيًّا وَلَا نَصِيرًا 89

إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ يَصِلُونَ إِلَىٰ قَوْمٍۭ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُم مِّيثَٰقٌ أَوْ جَآءُوكُمْ حَصِرَتْ صُدُورُهُمْأَن يُقَٰتِلُوكُمْ أَوْ يُقَٰتِلُوا۟ قَوْمَهُمْ وَلَوْ شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ لَسَلَّطَهُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ فَلَقَٰتَلُوكُمْ فَإِنِ ٱعْتَزَلُوكُمْ فَلَمْ يُقَٰتِلُوكُمْ وَأَلْقَوْا۟ إِلَيْكُمُ ٱلسَّلَمَ فَمَا جَعَلَ ٱللَّهُلَكُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ سَبِيلًا 90

89b.  if they turn back (to enmity) then take them and kill them wherever ye find them, and choose no friend nor helper from among them- 90a.  Except those who seek refuge with a people between whom and you there is a covenant, or (those who) come unto you because their hearts forbid them to make war on you or make war on their own folk. Had Allah Willed He would have given them power over you so that assuredly they would have fought you.

89b.  Fa-‘in- tawallaw  fa-khuzuuhum  waq-tuluuhum  haysu  wajattu-muuhum  wa  laa  tatta-khizuu  minhum  waliy-yanw-wa  laa  nasiiraa. 90a.  ‘Illal-laziina  yasi-luuna  ‘ilaa  qawmim-  bay-nakum  wa  bay-nahum-miisaaqun  ‘aw  jaaa-‘uukum  hasirat  suduuruhum  ‘any-yuqaa-tiluukum  ‘aw  yuqaatiluu  qaw-mahum.  Wa  law  shaaa-‘Allaahu  lasallatahum  ‘alaykum  falaqaa-taluukum.

Commentary

Khuzuu – its origin is ‘akhaza, which is used for three purposes; to make, to choose or adopt and to hold. Base of Laa  tattakhizuu (do not choose) is also the same origin.

Miisaaqun – (covenant), it is from wasuuq, which means “to trust, faith and confidence”. Miisaaq is the thing, from which trust and faith is produced. It can also be aimed as mutual agreement. 

Sallata – this word is from tasliit, which means “to give control, to allow one to prevail (over or against) and to empower someone. This order is regarding those people, who were mentioned in the above lesson.

It is commanded that the people who have been assembled on the infidelity, they will not embrace Islam. But they will continue tempting others that they should become infidels too. However, you should carry on saying to them that they should embrace Islam and sacrifice in such a way, as you have sacrificed. If they do not accept, then you should not think for them in war, arrest them after overcoming and kill them. Their meetings with you; will be useless in the battle, because these people are your mortal enemies and evil-wishers. They will not refrain from wickedness, whenever they will find any opportunity.

In the situation of war, you should kill these selfish people, wherever you find them. But there are two forms for their safety:

·       They have deep association and covenant of peace with them, who have a treaty of alliance with you, because in this condition, they have entered in that covenant of peace too.

·       If they want to make a truce with you, being vexed of war, with the condition that neither they will fight against you themselves, nor will they support their nation against you.  

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’an published By Idara Islah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English  by Muhammad Sharif).

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